Blanchard 2
| Variety Passport | |
| Country of origin: | France |
| Breeder: | Jean-Louis Vidal, Mr. Blanchard |
| Variety number VIVC: | 1436 |
| Prime name: | Blanchard 2 |
| Breeding number: | 1369 |
| Principal Synonyms: | Berlandieri - Colombard 2, Colombard 2, BC 2 |
| Year of obtaining / registration: | obtained in 1894 |
| Pedigree given by breeder: | Berlandieri Lafont 9 x Colombard |
| Pedigree confirmed by markers: | Berlandieri Lafont 9 x Ugni Blanc |
| Rootstock type: | Phylloxera-resistant, Lime-tolerant |
| Data Sources: | Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC), INRAE (France) |
| Agrobiology | |
| Flower type: | hermaphrodite |
| Active lime tolerance: | 40% |
| Root phylloxera susceptibility: | 2 points (resistant) |
| Rooting ability: | medium |
| Graft compatibility with Vitis vinifera: | high |
| Recommended soil types: | Limestone soils and can resist up to 40% of "active" limestone |
| Ampelographic overview |
Origin history and economic significance
The rootstock variety Berlandieri - Colombard 2 was bred by selectionists Mr Blanchard and Jean-Louis Vidal in 1894 in France. Based on genetic analyses carried out in Montpellier, it was established that this variety results from the targeted crossbreeding of parent forms Vitis berlandieri and Vitis vinifera cv. Ugni blanc. The grape rootstock Berlandieri - Colombard 2 has a definite economic significance for regions with specific soil conditions, supporting an estimated surface area of the French vineyard grafted with this rootstock of about 35 hectares.
The rootstock Berlandieri - Colombard 2 demonstrates a high affinity with grape graft varieties, and its grafting aptitude is rated as good. Plants grafted onto the rootstock variety Berlandieri - Colombard 2 are characterized by quick development during the initial stages of vegetation. The main advantage possessed by the variety Berlandieri - Colombard 2 lies in its high adaptation to limestone soils, which allows successful establishment of vineyards on lands with an increased risk of chlorosis.
Ampelographic description of the rootstock variety Berlandieri - Colombard 2
Identification and key morphological features describing the rootstock Berlandieri - Colombard 2 include the following elements:
- Young shoot (tip): The tip of the young shoot is open, characterized by a high density of prostrate hairs and a piping anthocyanin coloration.
- Young leaves: Feature a characteristic bronzed coloration of the leaf blade.
- Shoots: Developing shoots have a very ribbed surface.
- Adult leaf: Adult leaves are medium to large in size, wedge-shaped, with a fairly thick leaf blade. The upper lateral sinuses are shallow, and the petiole sinus is a slightly open lyre-shape. The teeth are long compared to their width, with straight or convex sides.
- Leaf pubescence: A low to medium density of erect hairs is noted on the petioles and on the veins on the lower side of the leaf blade.
- Flower type: Hermaphrodite (bisexual) flower type.
- Berries: Small size, round shape, with a distinct blue black skin coloration.
Features of agricultural technology in nursery management
On rootstock mother vines in nurseries, the variety Berlandieri - Colombard 2 demonstrates a certain development dynamic. Historical analysis of mother vine surfaces shows peak values in the middle of the 20th century followed by a decrease in production volumes on a commercial scale in France. The grape rootstock Berlandieri - Colombard 2 is characterized by a medium cutting capacity for rooting under commercial nursery conditions.
At the same time, the rootstock variety Berlandieri - Colombard 2 provides a stable yield of first-class grafted planting material due to good components union. In France, the only certified clone used carries the selection number 1369. During harvesting and subsequent storage of the canes of the variety Berlandieri - Colombard 2, it is necessary to maintain standard technological parameters of nursery management to support the optimal moisture level of the cane tissues.