Couderc 157-11
| Variety Passport | |
| Country of origin: | France |
| Breeder: | Georges Couderc |
| Variety number VIVC: | 3012 |
| Prime name: | Couderc 157-11 |
| Principal Synonyms: | 157-11 C, Madam Girerd, Berlandieri x Riparia 157-11, Roi Des Blancs, Gaillard Girerd, Le Seducteur |
| Year of obtaining / registration: | obtained in France in 1889, admitted to the Italian National Register on March 26, 1971 |
| Pedigree given by breeder: | Vitis Berlandieri Las Sorres × Vitis Riparia Gloire de Montpellier |
| Pedigree confirmed by markers: | Vitis Berlandieri Las Sorres × Vitis Riparia Gloire de Montpellier |
| Rootstock type: | Phylloxera-resistant |
| Data Sources: | Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC), Registro Nazionale delle Varietà di Vite (Italy) |
| Agrobiology | |
| Vigor: | medium |
| Flower type: | female |
| Drought tolerance: | sensitive |
| Root phylloxera susceptibility: | 1 point (highly resistant) |
| Leaf phylloxera susceptibility: | 3 points (low resistance) |
| Recommended soil types: | Deep, cold, plain soils. It poorly tolerates dry and arid lands. |
| Ampelographic overview |
History of Origin and Agricultural Importance
Couderc 157-11 is a rootstock grape variety obtained in France in 1889 by breeder Georges Couderc by crossing the species Vitis berlandieri (Las Sorres form) and Vitis riparia (Gloire de Montpellier form). In the National Register of Grape Varieties of Italy, the Couderc 157-11 rootstock was included in March 1971 under code 607 on the basis of a ministerial decree published in the Official Gazette (Gazzetta Ufficiale) in April 1971. The description and agricultural evaluation of the vine are based on the works of researchers Cosmo, Comuzzi, and Polsinelli, published in 1958.
The agricultural value of the Couderc 157-11 rootstock lies in ensuring the resistance of grapevines to the root form of phylloxera. In its characteristics, the variety is close to the 420 A rootstock. It is recommended for deep, fresh, plain soils. The variety does not tolerate dry and arid lands. The rootstock has medium vigor, demonstrating pronounced morphological features of the species Vitis berlandieri, but the shape of the leaf blade shows more similarity to the species Vitis riparia.
Recorded morphological features of the Couderc 157-11 rootstock variety
The recorded main morphological features of the variety:
- Young shoot (growing tip): the apex is moderately expanded, covered with arachnoid down, green or with a faint bronze tint. Apical leaves (1st–3rd) are expanded, velvety and with arachnoid pubescence underneath, slightly pubescent on the upper side, golden-green in color, with long teeth. Leaves lower down the shoot (4th–6th) are expanded, entire, elongated, with faint velvety pubescence on the veins on the lower side, light green, with reddish veins at the base. The petiolar sinus is V- or U-shaped, the petiole is velvety.
- Herbaceous shoot and tendrils: the shoot is curved, with faint arachnoid and velvety pubescence, greenish-brown on one side. The cross-section of the shoot is slightly polygonal, with bristly pubescence. Internodes are dark bronze-violet on one side, nodes are red-violet. Tendrils are intermittent, slightly pubescent, bifid, dark brown on one side. The flower type is functionally female, although disagreements exist among scientists in ampelographic literature (researchers Agnel and Galet classified it as male, while Ravaz confirmed the ability of the vine to bring grape clusters to maturity).
- Leaf: formed leaves are of medium or large size, elongated, almost entire or with a faint outline of three lobes. The petiolar sinus is U-shaped. The apex of the median lobe is acute, with a long terminal tooth. The leaf blade is slightly wavy; the upper side is intense green, smooth and glossy; the lower side is light green, with faint velvety pubescence, veins are prominent. Teeth along the margin are of medium size with a wide base, with straight edges, regular. The petiole is short, with bristles, brown-violet on one side, with a moderately pronounced groove.
- Mature wood: shoots are of medium length and vigor, poorly branched. The cross-section is rounded or elliptical, the surface is slightly striated. The coloration of the bark is hazel, with darker brown stripes on the nodes. Internodes are medium (12–14 cm). Buds are pointed. Phenological bud burst and flowering occur in medium terms, leaf fall occurs in medium-late terms.
Nursery Agricultural Characteristics
The Couderc 157-11 variety shows sensitivity to the leaf (gall) form of phylloxera, which requires control during cultivation in mother vineyards. In nursery production in Italy, vine production is carried out exclusively in the "Certified" category. In 2023, the production volume of rooted cuttings of the rootstock amounted to 43,536 units (in 2022 — 48,120 units, in 2017 — 114,170 units). Officially registered clones of the variety in the national register: I-V.G.V.A. 3, I-V.G.V.A. 4, and I-UBA 01.