Andros
| Variety Passport | |
| Country of origin: | Russia |
| Breeder: | Potapenko Institute |
| Variety number VIVC: | 22871 |
| Prime name: | Andros |
| Pedigree given by breeder: | 5153-588 (Vitis Riparia × Vitis Cinerea) × Vitis Amurensis |
| Pedigree confirmed by markers: | (Vitis Riparia x Vitis Cinerea) x Vitis Amurensis Ruprecht |
| Rootstock type: | Phylloxera-resistant, Cold-hardy |
| Data Sources: | Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC), ВНИИВиВ имени Я.И. Потапенко |
| Agrobiology | |
| Vigor: | vigorous |
| Flower type: | male |
| Shoot ripening: | 82-85% |
| Winter hardiness of canes: | -26-29°C |
| Resistance to fungal diseases: | resistant |
| Root phylloxera susceptibility: | 2 points (resistant) |
| Leaf phylloxera susceptibility: | 3 points (low resistance) |
| Graft compatibility with Vitis vinifera: | high |
| Ampelographic overview |
Origin and Viticultural Significance
The rootstock variety Andros was bred at the All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after Ya.I. Potapenko. The breeding work was conducted by I.N. Syan, M.I. Brezhneva, and S.I. Agapova through the hybridization of the German line 5153-588 (Vitis riparia × Vitis cinerea) with Vitis amurensis. The grapevine rootstock Andros is recommended for utilization in the northernmost zones of commercial viticulture. The primary advantage distinguishing this rootstock is its exceptional frost resistance: at temperatures as low as -27°C, bud mortality ranges between only 12-15%. It exhibits lime-induced chlorosis resistance that exceeds the performance of the control rootstock 101-14. Graft affinity and compatibility parameters with scion varieties of cultivar grapevines are on par with the 101-14 standard.
Ampelographic Description of the Rootstock Variety Andros
Morphological characteristics of vegetative organs for variety identification:
- Young shoot (apex): The emerging bud and shoot apex exhibit very sparse pubescence. Young leaves possess a green coloration with a distinct bronze hue. The surface is glabrous, reticulately rugose, entire, and characterized by a very sharp, elongated tooth.
- Annual shoot: The growing shoot is of medium thickness, circular in cross-section, with medium internode length (within 12-13 cm) and weakly defined nodes. The fully mature cane acquires a light gray coloration, with a smooth and notably lustrous surface. Buds are small and acute.
- Mature leaf: Leaves are large and dark green. The blade shape is entire, nearly square, and weakly lobed with three barely discernible lobes formed by elongated teeth. The upper surface of the blade is glabrous and rugose. The lower surface features sparse bristly pubescence localized on the veins. The marginal teeth are sharp and long.
- Petiole: Green and long, with the petiole length being slightly shorter than the central vein of the leaf.
- Petiolar sinus: Very widely open, shaped as an incoming angle, and visually nearly straight.
- Inflorescence (flower): The grapevine rootstock Andros develops a male flower type.
Nursery Management and Agronomic Characteristics
The vines formed by the rootstock variety Andros are characterized by vigorous growth. The variety exhibits a relatively short growing season. Consistently high and timely wood maturity is observed, reaching 82-85% by the end of the vegetative period. Under Novocherkassk conditions, the average yield of standard rootstock cuttings is approximately 78-85 thousand units per hectare of the mother vine nursery. It demonstrates resistance to major fungal diseases rated at 1-2 points. Susceptibility to the root form of phylloxera is evaluated at 1-2 points, whereas susceptibility to the foliar form of the pest is rated at 3 points.