AZOS-1
| Variety Passport | |
| Country of origin: | Russia |
| Breeder: | AZOS ViV |
| Patent: | №2894, Russia |
| Pedigree given by breeder: | Fillokseroustoychivyy Dzhemete × (paternal form is not specified by the breeder) |
| Rootstock type: | Phylloxera-resistant, Lime-tolerant |
| Agrobiology | |
| Vigor: | semi-vigorous |
| Lateral shoot formation: | weak |
| Resistance to fungal diseases: | resistant |
| Root phylloxera susceptibility: | 3 points (low resistance) |
| Graft compatibility with Vitis vinifera: | high |
| Ampelographic overview |
Origin and Viticultural Significance
The rootstock grape variety AZOS-1 was bred at the Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking by a group of breeders by crossing the variety Fillokseroustoychivyy Dzhemete with the rootstocks CO4, Creciunel-2, Chasselas × Berlandieri 41-B, or Richter-44. The variety has undergone production trials in the Kuban region and has been officially zoned. It is recommended for use as a rootstock across all viticultural zones of the Russian Federation.
The commercial value of this rootstock lies in its capacity to ensure a high yield of first-grade grafted vines due to its excellent graft compatibility with many European grape varieties (Vitis vinifera). The variety is characterized by a short vegetative period and a low level of lateral shoot formation. The development of lime-induced chlorosis and typical vine diseases has not been observed on this rootstock.
Ampelographic Description
- Leaf: Medium-sized, orbicular, five-lobed, almost entire. The leaf blade is undulating, funnel-shaped, with margins slightly turned downward. The upper surface of the leaf features a net-wrinkled texture. The upper sinuses are weakly defined, slit-like, or in the shape of an incoming angle. The teeth on the margins of the lobes are sharply triangular. The lower surface of the leaf blade exhibits sparse, bristly pubescence.
- Petiolar Sinus: Closed, ovate in shape. The petiole is slightly cherry-colored, equal in length to the central vein of the leaf, measuring 15 cm.
- Shoot and Cane: The growth vigor of the vines is above average. The shoots are erect-growing. The internode length is 14–15 cm. The mature cane is uniformly brown. Cane lignification begins in the second half of August. Lateral shoot development on the vines is negligible.
- Cluster and Berry: Clusters are small, cylindrical, and loose. Berries are very small, globose, and dark violet in color, turning bluish-black upon full maturity. The seed is small, globose, and brown.
Nursery Management and Agrotechnical Features
In nursery environments, the AZOS-1 rootstock demonstrates high suitability for mechanized operations due to its weak lateral shoot formation, which minimizes manual labor costs for disbudding and lateral removal in mother blocks. The variety provides a consistently high yield of standard half-meter cuttings suitable for grafting, averaging 160,000–165,000 cuttings per hectare. High rates of callus formation and compatibility ensure effective healing with Vitis vinifera scions and an increased output of standard first-grade vines from the nursery rows. The degree of susceptibility to root phylloxera is rated at 2.5 points on the infestation scale.