Garant
| Variety Passport | |
| Country of origin: | Ukraine |
| Breeder: | Tairov Institute |
| Year of obtaining / registration: | crossbreeding was performed in the USSR in 1970. In 2011, the variety was included in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine. |
| Pedigree given by breeder: | 101-14 Riparia × Rupestris × Kober 5Bb |
| Rootstock type: | Phylloxera-resistant |
| Agrobiology | |
| Vegetation period: | 181 days |
| Vigor: | vigorous |
| Lateral shoot formation: | moderate |
| Shoot ripening: | 89% |
| Resistance to fungal diseases: | resistant |
| Root phylloxera susceptibility: | 1 point (highly resistant) |
| Rooting ability: | high |
| Graft compatibility with Vitis vinifera: | high |
| Ampelographic overview |
Origin and economic importance
The rootstock variety Garant is a valuable result of the Soviet period of grapevine rootstock selection. The crossbreeding of the initial parental forms was carried out in the USSR in 1970 by scientists at the Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking. The variety was obtained through complex interspecific hybridization, using the 101-14 Riparia × Rupestris rootstock as the maternal form, and the widely distributed Kober 5BB rootstock as the paternal form. After passing complex, long-term trials, the rootstock was entered into the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine in 2011 and protected by a corresponding patent.
The variety Garant was developed as a highly resistant rootstock form capable of ensuring the stable performance of grafted vineyards under the climatic conditions of the Northern Black Sea region. The rootstock exhibits high resistance to fungal diseases and features high tolerance to the root form of phylloxera, making it a reliable component for commercial viticulture.
When grafted, the Garant rootstock is characterized by an excellent affinity with many European grapevine varieties. Combinations on its basis develop a high growth vigor. During variety trials of scion-rootstock combinations, it was established that utilizing this rootstock in combination with the table grape variety Muskat zhemchuzhny allows for a significant increase in cluster weight, as well as an improvement in the overall commercial quality of the resulting harvest.
Ampelographic description of the rootstock variety Garant
The identification of the Garant rootstock is based on the following available agrobiological and ampelographic parameters:
- Vine: Possesses a high shoot growth vigor, forming powerful vines with a well-developed leaf apparatus.
- Shoots: The average shoot length over the years of research was 294 cm, with an average diameter of 7.0 mm in the middle section. By growth habit, the vines are semi-spreading. The variety exhibits a medium lateral-producing capacity: on average, up to 4.6 lateral shoots form on one main shoot, with an average length of about 52.1 cm. The vegetative period until the cessation of shoot growth averages 181 days. By the end of the vegetative cycle, the variety demonstrates a good degree of wood maturity, reaching 89%.
Nursery management attributes
The rootstock variety Garant demonstrates high technological performance in mother vineyards and during sapling production. When grown under non-irrigated cultivation conditions with a planting scheme of 3 × 1.5 m, the vines ensure a stable output of high-quality rootstock cuttings at a level of up to 53 thousand pieces per hectare. Collected wood is characterized by optimal parameters for cutting and subsequent graft assembly. Cuttings possess a high regenerative capacity and good survival rates. Independent cutting rooting rates (without the use of growth regulators) under nursery conditions average 72.2%. In bench and field grafting, the variety guarantees a high output of standard planting material.