Paulsen 775
| Variety Passport | |
| Country of origin: | Italy |
| Breeder: | Federico Paulsen |
| Variety number VIVC: | 9007 |
| Prime name: | Paulsen 775 |
| Breeding number: | 775 |
| Principal Synonyms: | Berlandieri x Rupestris 775 |
| Year of obtaining / registration: | obtained in 1894 |
| Pedigree given by breeder: | Berlandieri Ressiguier 2 x Rupestris du Lot |
| Pedigree confirmed by markers: | Berlandieri Ressiguier 2 x Rupestris du Lot |
| Rootstock type: | Phylloxera-resistant |
| Data Sources: | Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC), Registro Nazionale delle Varietà di Vite (Italy) |
| Agrobiology | |
| Vigor: | vigorous |
| Flower type: | male |
| Active lime tolerance: | 17% |
| Drought tolerance: | tolerant |
| Resistance to fungal diseases: | resistant |
| Root phylloxera susceptibility: | 1 point (highly resistant) |
| Leaf phylloxera susceptibility: | 3 points (low resistance) |
| Rooting ability: | high |
| Graft compatibility with Vitis vinifera: | high |
| Recommended soil types: | Loamy, moderately calcareous, relatively cold soils, as well as conditions with moderate moisture deficit (in the absence of severe drought). |
| Ampelographic overview |
Origin and Agronomic Importance
The grape rootstock Paulsen 775 was obtained by the Sicilian breeder Federico Paulsen in 1894 in the city of Palermo. The variety is officially included in the national register of Italy and is considered one of the best selection forms of the author. This rootstock variety has a specific economic value in Southern European nursery management, ensuring a stable annual output of certified planting material.
The variety is characterized by high resistance to the root form of phylloxera, although in certain years it may exhibit some susceptibility to the leaf (galling) form of the pest. It possesses high natural protection against fungal diseases. The rootstock Paulsen 775 is suitable for growing on dry sites, but does not withstand excessively arid conditions. The variety is adapted to moderately calcareous soils, while demonstrating the best results on loamy, relatively cold soils.
This grape rootstock provides the scion with a good growth vigor. Practical experience shows that the variety has high grafting compatibility with European scions, in particular, an excellent affinity with traditional Sicilian grape varieties has been recorded.
Ampelographic Description of the Rootstock Variety Paulsen 775
Identification of the variety is conducted on the basis of the following ampelographic characteristics:
- Young shoot: The tip of the young shoot is moderately expanded, sub-woolly, green in color with a characteristic pinkish margin along the edges.
- Young leaves: The first three apical leaves are gutter-shaped, with a weak velvety pubescence on the lower side of the blade. The coloration is shiny, greenish-reddish-bronze. The fourth to sixth leaves are rounded, entire, with a weakly expressed gutter-like bend. The petiole sinus is open, U- or V-shaped. The veins at the base are colored red, having a bristly pubescence on the lower side. The petiole is velvety.
- Growing shoot: The direction of growth is erect. The herbaceous shoot is polygonal (ribbed) in cross-section, velvety, and the internodes are colored wine-red on one side. The nodes have a brown-violet tint. The tendrils are intermittent, bifid, violet, and velvety at their base.
- Adult leaf: The blade is medium in size, orbicular, practically entire, with a wavy profile. The upper side is smooth, glabrous, of intense green color; the lower side is light green with bristly pubescence along the veins, which become pinkish towards the base. The margins of the lobes are provided with regular, convex, moderately expressed teeth with a short point (mucron). The terminal tooth of the median lobe is long and sharp. The petiole sinus is open, U- or V-shaped. The petiole is short, velvety, pinkish on one side.
- Inflorescence (flower type): Functionally male flower type.
- Woody shoot: The lignified canes are of medium length and thickness, branched. The cross-section is slightly elliptical, and the surface has a weakly expressed striation. The coloration of the cane is hazel with brown spots. The internodes are of medium length (12–13 cm), and the nodes are dark brown, poorly visible.
Nursery Management and Propagation Features
The bushes of the rootstock in mother plantations have a bushy growth habit. The variety demonstrates good wood maturation by the end of the vegetative period. The phenological phases of bud burst and flowering occur in relatively late terms, and leaf fall is noted in medium periods. The grape rootstock Paulsen 775 is technological in production, as its cuttings possess a high capacity for rapid rooting, which simplifies the cultivation of own-rooted certified saplings under industrial nursery conditions.